EGCG is the abbreviation for epigallocatechin gallate, one of the most important polyphenolic compounds found in green tea (Camellia sinensis). This molecule, which belongs to the catechin class, is known for its wide range of health benefits. These benefits stem from its powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
The antioxidant defense system protects our skin from reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are generated by UV radiation, cigarette smoke, or oxidative stress. ROS promote the progression of skin aging, wrinkle formation, and pigmentation. Excessive production of ROS triggers intracellular programmed cell death (apoptosis).For this reason, EGCG is also believed to have antimutagenic and antitumor effects.(1–3) A 2018 in vitro study concluded that EGCG is suitable as a cosmetic ingredient not only because of its free radical-scavenging activity but also due to its positive effect on skin hydration and reduced wrinkle formation.This powerful antioxidant is capable of rejuvenating skin cells, effectively protecting them from ionizing radiation, and improving overall skin condition. EGCG is used in cosmetic products to effectively prevent premature skin aging and serves as a protective shield for our skin.(4–5)

Ethylhexyl palmitate is an alkyl ester that is frequently used in cosmetics as a skin-conditioning ingredient.(1) Ethylhexyl palmitate is classified as an emollient.(2)

Ethylhexyl Triazone (EHT) is a photostable chemical UV filter with an absorption range between 280 and 320 nm. EHT is a UVB filter suitable for use in sunscreens.(1)

Ethylhexylglycerin inhibits the growth and reproduction of odor-causing bacteria and enhances the effectiveness of cosmetic preservatives.(1)

Gellan gum is a biotechnologically produced polysaccharide obtained through fermentation using bacteria of the genus Sphingomonas. The ingredient is considered to be of plant origin and is used in cosmetics as an excipient with a variety of functions. (1)

In cosmetic formulations, gellan gum primarily acts as a viscosity modifier by influencing the product’s texture and flow properties. In addition, it has film-forming properties: it forms a thin, even film, which not only improves the feel on the skin but can also help stabilize the formulation. (1-3)

Gluconolactone is a polyhydroxy acid (PHA) that is valued in skincare for its gentle and moisturizing properties. This PHA gently exfoliates the outermost layer of the skin and promotes cell renewal, making the skin appear smoother and more radiant. Compared to other hydroxy acids, gluconolactone is less irritating and therefore ideal for sensitive skin types. It also offers antioxidant benefits. Gluconolactone can be used in cosmetic products to support the skin barrier, reduce skin imperfections, and care for mature skin.(1-3)

Glycerin is a trihydric alcohol and thus plays a crucial role in the hydration of the stratum corneum: When the skin barrier function is impaired, changes may occur in the function of aquaporin 3, an epidermal water/glycerin transporter, which can lead to reduced hydration and loss of skin elasticity. This can be corrected through the topical application of glycerin.(1)

Glyceryl caprylate is the monoester of glycerin and caprylic acid. It acts as a skin-conditioning ingredient as well as an emulsifier.(1)