Sodium phytate is the sodium salt of phytic acid, which is derived from plants and acts as a chelating agent. Chelating agents are substances used in cosmetic products to neutralize metal ions in the formulation.(1) What makes this chelating agent unique is that it not only acts as a preservative but also possesses antioxidant properties.(2)
(1) Papageorgiou, S., Varvaresou, A., Tsirivas, E., & Demetzos, C. (2010). New alternatives for the preservation of cosmetics. Journal of Cosmetic Science, 61(2), 107.
(2) Graf, E., & Eaton, J. W. (1990). Antioxidant functions of phytic acid. Free Radical Biology & Medicine, 8(1), 61–69. https://doi.org/10.1016/0891-5849(90)90146-a
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